15th August

 

15^th August

It is possible to hold different beliefs and honour others who do not share them. It is called respect.

  Vallabhdas Suchak was a Hindu, and one of 2.5 million South Asian troops who served in the Second World War. He found a young comrade dying on a dusty road and offered him water to ease his pain. The young man refused it, saying that it was Ramadan and he did not want to break his fast. The Hindu man tried to persuade him and eventually promised that he would fast in his stead, so the dying Muslim soldier took the water. For the rest of his life, Vallabhdas Suchak honoured his promise to the young man, and observed Ramadan every year.

As a security guard, working in Shepherds Bush, London, after fleeing Idi Amin’s genocidal regime in Uganda, he never spoke of his military service. Offered benefits at Immigration, he refused them. When the officer interviewing him read his papers and realised the man he was, he went across to shake his hand and thank him for his service.

Mohammed Sharif was born in what is now Pakistan. During the war he was speared with a poison arrow while fighting the Japanese. Subedar Dost Mohammad served in the Indian Army Medical Corps and was captured by Japanese soldiers. He and five fellow soldiers were lined up to be executed. Subedar Dost Mohammad fell at the fifth shot, but did not die, managing to feign death.

These are just some of the many stories that the ‘Forgotten Army’ exhibition has been designed to draw attention to, to emphasise the immense support given by South Asian troops to the war effort. It has been organised by the Royal British Legion, whose spokesman said, ‘Victory in the Second World War would not have been possible without the courage and sacrifice of Allied forces from across the Commonwealth and beyond, whose service helped shape modern Britain.’

Saturday 15^th August is VJ (Victory over Japan) Day. On 15th August 1945 Emperor Hirohito of Japan broadcast on the radio to announce acceptance of Allied surrender terms. Since then, the day has been marked by a two-minute silence at noon to remember all those who served in the Far East during the Second World War.

South Asian troops were a vital part of the Allied army and deserve their honours. Their descendants have earned their place in our land and our thanks.

ABC Wednesday – H is for Haig

Image courtesy of Wikimedia Commons

Douglas Haig, later Field Marshal Haig, was born in Edinburgh in 1861. He gained fame – some might say notoriety – for his actions in the First World War during which he commanded the British Expeditionary Force from 1915 until the end. Two million British soldiers lost their lives under his command, a distinction for which he was dubbed Butcher Haig. 

On the first day of the Battle of the Somme, 1^st July, 1916 the British army lost 60,000 men, the highest number of one-day combat casualties in its history. It was also the battle in which tanks were first used. Haig, a cavalry man, had little time for and no faith in modern weaponry. He said, "The machine gun is a much over rated weapon” and made similar remarks about tanks. Then aged 54 he had been a cavalry officer all his military life. He became the representative of incompetent commanders, unable or unwilling to adapt to modern strategies and technology. Despite this, the British and their allies were ultimately victorious, at the cost of huge loss of life on all sides.

At a time when little was understood about the effects of battle fatigue, (sometimes called shell shock and now defined as combat stress reaction) soldiers who were afflicted were accused of cowardice or malingering and were sent back to the front. Officers were usually sent home to recover.

Some soldiers committed suicide, others deserted, many refused to obey orders and were shot on the spot.  Some were court-martialled, found guilty and shot by execution squads drawn from their fellow soldiers. 304 soldiers were executed during the war and a further 18 were shot after the Armistice. The vast majority of these men had served in the trenches on the western front. Haig was responsible for signing their death warrants. As a soldier trained in older days and ways, he would have been assured that he was doing his duty, unpleasant though it might be. In 2006 the British government reversed all those decisions and the men were given full pardons and recognised as victims of war – no good to them, of course, but bringing some sense of justice and peace to their descendants.

Haig was also incidental to the formation of the Royal Army Dental Corps in 1921. Suffering toothache, he sent for a dentist from Paris. Following this, the army hired a dozen dentists and by 1918 there were 831.

After the war Haig was created 1^st Earl Haig and on retiring spent his time looking after the welfare of ex-servicemen. He helped to establish the Royal British Legion which continues to assist ex-soldiers, their wives and dependants, their most obvious and recognisable fund-raising being the annual Poppy Appeal.

Thanks are due to the Honourable Denise Nesbitt and Her Happy Helpers who organise and host this weekly meme. Click here to read more Hs.