World
Donkey Day
Jenny and donkey foalI was pleased
to see this picture on my screen this morning, and to discover that today is
World Donkey Day. In common with many people, I suspect, donkeys have a special
place in my heart. I have never known a donkey, or even been near one since my childhood,
but somehow these friendly-looking quadrupeds have found their way into my
consciousness, probably through children’s stories and poems.
Christopher
Robin’s Eeyore, in Winnie-the-Pooh, the lugubrious, permanently pessimistic
animal with the detachable tail, is both sad and endearing. One always hopes
for a better outcome for him.
In ‘Don
Quixote,’ Sancho Panza, Quixote’s faithful servant, rides his cherished donkey
as he accompanies his master on his fanciful journey. Sancho loves his donkey almost
more than life itself.
G.K.
Chesterton’s poem, ‘The Donkey’ portrays the donkey as a simple, unprepossessing
animal with a noble duty.
Mary Oliver
in her poem, ‘The Poet Thinks about the Donkey,’ shows him as a patient, unassuming
beast who will share in greatness.
Legend
has it that the donkey bears a cross on his back for his part in the Nativity,
carrying Mary to Bethlehem, then carrying Jesus into Jerusalem. It is also said
that the donkey stood by at the crucifixion, and the shadow of the cross
remained on his back after the sun rose.
The
donkey in ‘Shrek’ is reliable, but extremely loud, and funny.
Before the
late eighteenth century, around 1784 or 1785, donkeys were known as asses. It’s
not clear why the term donkey came into being. Possibly it referred to the
animal’s dun colour. It is preferable to ass, which can be a pejorative term,
as in, ‘You silly ass,’ often with ass being pronounced as ‘arse.’
Donkeys
have been used as beasts of burden for at least five thousand years. The
majority of them work in underdeveloped countries, where their life expectancy
will not usually exceed fifteen years. In more advantageous circumstances, a
donkey can live up to fifty years.
There are
about 185 breeds of donkey, varying from 90 cm (35”) to 150 cm (59”)
in height at the withers.
A male
donkey is called a Jack, or jackass, and a female is a Jenny. Jackasses are
often cross-bred with female horses, to produce mules, which are stronger and
more resilient than donkeys. They are valued as efficient pack animals, sure-footed,
and capable of carrying heavy loads.
Donkeys
have a reputation for being stubborn and awkward, mules less so. Their
supporters claim that donkeys are not obstinate, but thoughtful, animals, assessing
potential risks before proceeding. I think I’d be pretty careful on a narrow
mountain track, too.