Jackspeak or Naval slang

 

Jackspeak or Naval slang

Image courtesy Wikimedia Commons

All true Brits, we’re led to believe, have salt water running through our veins. UK is known as a Naval nation, and so it is to be expected that many expressions reflect that.

There is no place in the UK further than seventy miles (110 kms) from the coast. Church Flatts Farm, just south-east of the village of Coton in the Elms, (population 896 at the 2011 census) in Derbyshire, has been calculated by Ordnance Survey to be furthest from the sea at low tide.

Are you taken aback at that fact? In nautical terms, a ship was taken aback when its sails billowed in reverse, either through poor seamanship or a shift in the wind’s direction. In today’s parlance, it indicates that someone has been surprised, or received a shock.

Rigging on HMS Victory, Portsmouth

Image courtesy Wikimedia Commons

A boy joining a ship’s company in the era of sail would have to learn about rigging and canvas, so an older hand would show him the ropes, literally. The lad might at first find himself confused, or all at sea.

If he were joining a ship in Bristol, a port since Roman times, a seaman would soon learn the necessity of keeping everything in good order. Bristol had one of the highest tidal ranges in the world, so when the tide went out, ships would go aground and tip to one side because of their keels. This meant that everything had to be stowed neatly and efficiently to prevent damage. Thus arose the expression, ship-shape and Bristol fashion, now used, if at all, to mean organised and tidy.

Do you sometimes need a spot of Dutch courage before attempting an onerous task? This originates from the series of wars between the English and the Dutch in the seventeenth century, most of which took place at sea. British sailors unfairly accused the Dutch of being so fearful before engaging in battle that they needed to have a shot of schnapps to boost their morale. This became known as Dutch courage.

Still within the realms of battle, we find long shot and loose cannon. A long shot is any attempt that is doomed to failure, and derives from shots fired more in hope than expectation, when the range is exceeded.

A loose cannon occurred when a ship’s gun would work free of its securing ropes and carriage when firing and fly back across the deck, the resultant shot missing its target and causing mayhem. Today’s loose cannon is any person considered erratic, even unhinged, whose thoughts, words, and deeds are unpredictable.

After the fatigue of skirmish was done, the ship’s company might settle to eat. Frequently, provisions were expected to last for months and would be heavily salted or preserved in brine. This made them tough, requiring a great deal of chewing to break them down sufficiently to swallow. Chewing the fat took a long time, and sailors would chat, and possibly grumble, as they chewed. The expression has developed to mean having a long, perhaps rambling, debate or conversation.